AZ Tools

Voltage Divider Calculator

Convert

A voltage divider is two resistors in series across a supply: the output is tapped between them and equals Vin × R2 / (R1 + R2). It is the simplest way to scale a voltage down — for a reference, a sensor bias, or an ADC input. This tool works two ways. Give it Vin, R1 and R2 and it returns Vout, the current through the chain (Vin / (R1 + R2)), the total power drawn, and the power dissipated in each resistor so you can check resistor ratings. Or switch to the reverse mode: enter Vin, R1 and the output voltage you want, and it solves for the R2 = R1 × Vout / (Vin − Vout) you need. Resistor values accept Ω, kΩ or MΩ units, and current and power are auto-scaled to µA/mA/A and µW/mW/W.

Mode

Output voltage

6 V

Formula: Vout = Vin × R2 / (R1 + R2)

Current

60 mA

Total power

720 mW

Power in R1

360 mW

Power in R2

360 mW

R1 is the top resistor to Vin; R2 is the bottom resistor to ground, across which Vout is measured. Output is unloaded — a load across R2 lowers Vout.

How to use

  1. Pick a mode: 'Compute Vout' (you know both resistors) or 'Find R2' (you know the target output).
  2. Enter the supply voltage Vin and resistor values with their units.
  3. Read Vout (or the suggested R2), the chain current, and the power in each resistor.

Frequently asked questions

What is the voltage divider formula?
Vout = Vin × R2 / (R1 + R2), where R1 is the top resistor (to Vin) and R2 is the bottom resistor (to ground, across which Vout is measured).
How do I pick R2 for a specific output voltage?
Switch to 'Find R2' mode and enter Vin, R1 and the target Vout. The tool solves R2 = R1 × Vout / (Vin − Vout). The target must be below Vin.
Does this account for load current?
No — it gives the unloaded (open-circuit) output. Connecting a load in parallel with R2 lowers Vout. Keep the divider current well above the load current, or use a buffer, for a stable output.
Why does it show power per resistor?
So you can choose resistors that won't overheat. The same current flows through both, so P = I²R for each; pick parts rated above the displayed value.

Related tools