Base45 Encoder & Decoder
Developer
Convert text to and from Base45, the compact encoding (RFC 9285) used in QR codes such as the EU Digital COVID Certificate. Text is processed as UTF-8 bytes, and decoding validates the alphabet and value ranges so malformed input is flagged. Everything runs locally in your browser — nothing is uploaded.
How to use
- Choose encode (text to Base45) or decode (Base45 to text).
- Type or paste your input.
- Copy the converted result from the output box.
Frequently asked questions
- What is Base45?
- Base45 is a binary-to-text encoding defined in RFC 9285. It packs two bytes into three characters from a 45-symbol alphabet, which is efficient to store in QR codes.
- Where is it used?
- Most notably in the EU Digital COVID Certificate and other QR-based systems, where the 45-character alphabet maps well onto QR code alphanumeric mode.
- How are non-ASCII characters handled?
- Text is encoded as UTF-8 first, so accented letters, emoji and CJK characters become their byte sequences and decode back exactly.
- What happens with invalid Base45?
- Decoding checks that every character is in the alphabet and that each group is a valid length and value. Invalid input shows an error instead of broken output.
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